Statistics as unbiased estimators: exploring the teaching of standard deviation

Statistics at square one. III--Standard deviation.

the significance of conjunction as a cohesive device in teaching writing

the research questions were as follows: 1. is there any relationship between the students concious awareness of the form and implications of the conjuncations and their improvement in using appropriate conjunctions? 2. does students knowledge of the from and the implications of the conjunctions help them to produce more coherent writings. 3. does a comparison between english conjunctions and th...

the effect of teaching reading as whole text task and paragraph task on efl learners speaking

abstract the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a rather newly developed method in language teaching that is the use of paragraph reading task and whole reading task and their effects on improving efl learner’s speaking ability. to fulfill the purpose of the study, first 90 participants studying their course at sa eedi high school in tehran were chosen by means of ...

comparison of estimators of standard deviation, mean moving range and median moving range to estimate process standard deviation using autocorrelated data

independence of observations is a fundamental assumption in designing an x chart for individual observations. but unfortunately, the assumption of existence of independent data is not even approximately satisfied. in fact, there is one kind of autocorrelation in the data. this paper demonstrates, through simulating an ar(1) process, that the autocorrelation in the data has deep effect on x char...

Standard Deviation as a Query Hardness Estimator

In this paper a new Query Performance Prediction method is introduced. This method is based on the hypothesis that different score distributions appear for ‘hard’ and ‘easy’ queries. Following we propose a set of measures which try to capture the differences between both types of distributions, focusing on the dispersion degree among the scores. We have applied some variants of the classic stan...